Frequently Asked Questions
What are electronically commutated (ECM) motors?
Electronically commutated (ECM) motors are brushless DC motors where the direction of the electric current is switched using electronic controllers. As the switching of the current is technically known as “commutating”, brushless motors are also called “electronically commutated” motors. ECM motors provide the advantages of brushed DC motors in terms of the ability to have variable speed control, but without the drawbacks of brushes. Without brushes to wear out, ECM motors have design lives equal or longer than AC motors.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What other types of electric motors are used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries?
Wellington operates in the fractional and subfractional motor market for ventilation, refrigeration and appliances. Aside from ECM motors, common types of motors are AC induction motors.
AC induction motors
These motors consist of a spinning part (the “rotor”) and a part that remains fixed (the “stator”). Different motor designs will have the permanent magnets in the rotor or the stator and hence windings to generate the induced magnetic field in the stator or the rotor respectively. Motor designs also vary in that the fixed stator can be either the interior or the exterior part. A traditional motor design usually has a fixed outside stator with permanent magnets and an internal spinning rotor with copper windings. The combined electromagnetic effect of the rotor and stator’s electrical circuits is what makes the rotor spin.
Common AC motors used to drive fans in ventilation and refrigeration applications include shaded pole motors and permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors.
Shaded pole motors
Shaded pole motors are sold in huge quantities in the ventilation and refrigeration industries and are the cheapest motor option to drive a fan. They are inefficient (typically 18% efficient) and, since a new motor is required for small differences in power output, customers often need to employ a large number of models to drive their applications. Because of their low efficiency levels, shaded pole motors run hot and produce large amounts of waste heat.
Permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors
PSC motors require an external capacitor to be connected to the motor circuit. PSC motors have efficiency range at full load of 50-60%, but in most cases operate at less than full load, which reduces the efficiency of the motor installed in an application to only 15-40%.
What are the advantages of ECM motors?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by traditional induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and dramatically reduce the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
ECM motors also have a wider operating range than traditional induction motors, which means that one ECM motor can replace a number of induction motor models. In this way, the number of models required by a typical customer is significantly decreased, which decreases and simplifies inventory. This is the main reason why ECM product lines usually include less motor models than their induction counterparts.
In terms of speed control and features, because the motor’s operation is controlled by software, ECM motors allow customers to optimize and integrate the motor, fan and controller with the application, and to include features like data communications, constant volume control, variable speed, etc.
ECM motors are also quieter than traditional inefficient motors, have longer design life and require less maintenance.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What about cost?
ECM motors are more expensive than traditional inefficient motors used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries but, in recent years, due to a number of factors including soaring energy prices, and reduced cost of ECM technology due to increased volumes, they have become a cost-effective alternative to shaded pole and PSC motors.
The huge energy savings provided by ECM motors, mean equally large $ savings in operating costs, which in turn translate in payback periods as short as a few months, and motor life savings of hundreds of dollars in a typical application.
In our case, together with high energy savings, low use of raw material, low part count and simple electronics with only the necessary features, have allowed us to make our motor price very competitive on the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance markets.
What are some applications of ECM motors?
ECM motors are commonly used in computer disk drives and in high performance motion control products, such as machine tools.
In the ventilation and refrigeration industries, ECM motors are found in commercial refrigerators and freezers, beverage merchandisers, vending machines, air conditioners, and many other air moving and refrigeration applications where energy saving, speed control, or low noise and vibrations are important.
How are ECM motors “energy saving”?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by shaded pole or PSC induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and reduce dramatically the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
How are Wellington motors “sustainable”?
The huge energy savings provided by Wellington’s ECM motors directly translate into large carbon emissions savings. In this way, switching to ECM motors allows our customers to dramatically reduce the air pollution (CO2) generated by their applications.
Also, Wellington energy saving motors are designed using less raw materials than traditional inefficient motors and other electronically commutated motors. In particular, Wellington motors use 30% less copper and 80% less steel than traditional induction motors, a dramatic reduction in the motor components’ environmental impact.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are electronically commutated (ECM) motors?
Electronically commutated (ECM) motors are brushless DC motors where the direction of the electric current is switched using electronic controllers. As the switching of the current is technically known as “commutating”, brushless motors are also called “electronically commutated” motors. ECM motors provide the advantages of brushed DC motors in terms of the ability to have variable speed control, but without the drawbacks of brushes. Without brushes to wear out, ECM motors have design lives equal or longer than AC motors.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What other types of electric motors are used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries?
Wellington operates in the fractional and subfractional motor market for ventilation, refrigeration and appliances. Aside from ECM motors, common types of motors are AC induction motors.
AC induction motors
These motors consist of a spinning part (the “rotor”) and a part that remains fixed (the “stator”). Different motor designs will have the permanent magnets in the rotor or the stator and hence windings to generate the induced magnetic field in the stator or the rotor respectively. Motor designs also vary in that the fixed stator can be either the interior or the exterior part. A traditional motor design usually has a fixed outside stator with permanent magnets and an internal spinning rotor with copper windings. The combined electromagnetic effect of the rotor and stator’s electrical circuits is what makes the rotor spin.
Common AC motors used to drive fans in ventilation and refrigeration applications include shaded pole motors and permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors.
Shaded pole motors
Shaded pole motors are sold in huge quantities in the ventilation and refrigeration industries and are the cheapest motor option to drive a fan. They are inefficient (typically 18% efficient) and, since a new motor is required for small differences in power output, customers often need to employ a large number of models to drive their applications. Because of their low efficiency levels, shaded pole motors run hot and produce large amounts of waste heat.
Permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors
PSC motors require an external capacitor to be connected to the motor circuit. PSC motors have efficiency range at full load of 50-60%, but in most cases operate at less than full load, which reduces the efficiency of the motor installed in an application to only 15-40%.
What are the advantages of ECM motors?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by traditional induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and dramatically reduce the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
ECM motors also have a wider operating range than traditional induction motors, which means that one ECM motor can replace a number of induction motor models. In this way, the number of models required by a typical customer is significantly decreased, which decreases and simplifies inventory. This is the main reason why ECM product lines usually include less motor models than their induction counterparts.
In terms of speed control and features, because the motor’s operation is controlled by software, ECM motors allow customers to optimize and integrate the motor, fan and controller with the application, and to include features like data communications, constant volume control, variable speed, etc.
ECM motors are also quieter than traditional inefficient motors, have longer design life and require less maintenance.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What about cost?
ECM motors are more expensive than traditional inefficient motors used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries but, in recent years, due to a number of factors including soaring energy prices, and reduced cost of ECM technology due to increased volumes, they have become a cost-effective alternative to shaded pole and PSC motors.
The huge energy savings provided by ECM motors, mean equally large $ savings in operating costs, which in turn translate in payback periods as short as a few months, and motor life savings of hundreds of dollars in a typical application.
In our case, together with high energy savings, low use of raw material, low part count and simple electronics with only the necessary features, have allowed us to make our motor price very competitive on the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance markets.
What are some applications of ECM motors?
ECM motors are commonly used in computer disk drives and in high performance motion control products, such as machine tools.
In the ventilation and refrigeration industries, ECM motors are found in commercial refrigerators and freezers, beverage merchandisers, vending machines, air conditioners, and many other air moving and refrigeration applications where energy saving, speed control, or low noise and vibrations are important.
How are ECM motors “energy saving”?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by shaded pole or PSC induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and reduce dramatically the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
How are Wellington motors “sustainable”?
The huge energy savings provided by Wellington’s ECM motors directly translate into large carbon emissions savings. In this way, switching to ECM motors allows our customers to dramatically reduce the air pollution (CO2) generated by their applications.
Also, Wellington energy saving motors are designed using less raw materials than traditional inefficient motors and other electronically commutated motors. In particular, Wellington motors use 30% less copper and 80% less steel than traditional induction motors, a dramatic reduction in the motor components’ environmental impact.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are electronically commutated (ECM) motors?
Electronically commutated (ECM) motors are brushless DC motors where the direction of the electric current is switched using electronic controllers. As the switching of the current is technically known as “commutating”, brushless motors are also called “electronically commutated” motors. ECM motors provide the advantages of brushed DC motors in terms of the ability to have variable speed control, but without the drawbacks of brushes. Without brushes to wear out, ECM motors have design lives equal or longer than AC motors.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What other types of electric motors are used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries?
Wellington operates in the fractional and subfractional motor market for ventilation, refrigeration and appliances. Aside from ECM motors, common types of motors are AC induction motors.
AC induction motors
These motors consist of a spinning part (the “rotor”) and a part that remains fixed (the “stator”). Different motor designs will have the permanent magnets in the rotor or the stator and hence windings to generate the induced magnetic field in the stator or the rotor respectively. Motor designs also vary in that the fixed stator can be either the interior or the exterior part. A traditional motor design usually has a fixed outside stator with permanent magnets and an internal spinning rotor with copper windings. The combined electromagnetic effect of the rotor and stator’s electrical circuits is what makes the rotor spin.
Common AC motors used to drive fans in ventilation and refrigeration applications include shaded pole motors and permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors.
Shaded pole motors
Shaded pole motors are sold in huge quantities in the ventilation and refrigeration industries and are the cheapest motor option to drive a fan. They are inefficient (typically 18% efficient) and, since a new motor is required for small differences in power output, customers often need to employ a large number of models to drive their applications. Because of their low efficiency levels, shaded pole motors run hot and produce large amounts of waste heat.
Permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors
PSC motors require an external capacitor to be connected to the motor circuit. PSC motors have efficiency range at full load of 50-60%, but in most cases operate at less than full load, which reduces the efficiency of the motor installed in an application to only 15-40%.
What are the advantages of ECM motors?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by traditional induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and dramatically reduce the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
ECM motors also have a wider operating range than traditional induction motors, which means that one ECM motor can replace a number of induction motor models. In this way, the number of models required by a typical customer is significantly decreased, which decreases and simplifies inventory. This is the main reason why ECM product lines usually include less motor models than their induction counterparts.
In terms of speed control and features, because the motor’s operation is controlled by software, ECM motors allow customers to optimize and integrate the motor, fan and controller with the application, and to include features like data communications, constant volume control, variable speed, etc.
ECM motors are also quieter than traditional inefficient motors, have longer design life and require less maintenance.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What about cost?
ECM motors are more expensive than traditional inefficient motors used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries but, in recent years, due to a number of factors including soaring energy prices, and reduced cost of ECM technology due to increased volumes, they have become a cost-effective alternative to shaded pole and PSC motors.
The huge energy savings provided by ECM motors, mean equally large $ savings in operating costs, which in turn translate in payback periods as short as a few months, and motor life savings of hundreds of dollars in a typical application.
In our case, together with high energy savings, low use of raw material, low part count and simple electronics with only the necessary features, have allowed us to make our motor price very competitive on the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance markets.
What are some applications of ECM motors?
ECM motors are commonly used in computer disk drives and in high performance motion control products, such as machine tools.
In the ventilation and refrigeration industries, ECM motors are found in commercial refrigerators and freezers, beverage merchandisers, vending machines, air conditioners, and many other air moving and refrigeration applications where energy saving, speed control, or low noise and vibrations are important.
How are ECM motors “energy saving”?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by shaded pole or PSC induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and reduce dramatically the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
How are Wellington motors “sustainable”?
The huge energy savings provided by Wellington’s ECM motors directly translate into large carbon emissions savings. In this way, switching to ECM motors allows our customers to dramatically reduce the air pollution (CO2) generated by their applications.
Also, Wellington energy saving motors are designed using less raw materials than traditional inefficient motors and other electronically commutated motors. In particular, Wellington motors use 30% less copper and 80% less steel than traditional induction motors, a dramatic reduction in the motor components’ environmental impact.
常见问题
什么是电子整流电机（ECM）？
电子整流电机是一种无刷直流电机，其电流方向由电子控制器来转换。因为技术上将转换电流方向称之为“整流”，所以无刷电机也称之为“电子整流”电机。ECM电机具有刷电机的优点：不同速度控制，但没有更换电刷的缺点。由于没有电刷的消耗，ECM电机的设计寿命等于或超过交流电机。
惠灵顿驱动的ECM电机可以直接连接交流电源操作，也可以使用直流供电。
其他应用于通风、制冷和电器领域的电机有哪些？
惠灵顿驱动的电机目前只应用在一部分通风、制冷和电器工业领域中，除了ECM电机之外，常用的类型为交流电磁感应电机（罩极电机）。
交流电磁感应电机
电磁感应电机是一种利用电磁感应来给转子提供动能的交流电机。电磁感应电机能够转动是由于一个叫做定子的电磁铁和一个转动的叫做转子的电磁铁之间的相互作用力。电机的种类可以由电流如何提供给转子来判别。在电磁感应电机内部，转子内部电流通过电磁感应产生。电磁感应电机有时候也被叫做旋转变压器，因为定子（固定部分）本质上就是变压器的原边，而转子（转动部分）就是次边。不象普通变压器那样通过定时改变磁力线来改变电流，电磁感应电机通过旋转磁场来改变电压。原边的电流产生一个磁场和次边的磁场相互作用产生一个合成的扭矩，从而将电能转化为动能。
罩极电机
罩极电机是目前使用量最大的一种应用在通风和制冷工业领域的电机，并且也是最便宜的一种风扇电机。这种电机非常低效（通常只有大概18％的效率），由于很小的输出功率差异就需要一个新的电机型号，所以客户经常需要使用大量的不同型号的电机以满足他们的应用。由于效率低下，罩极电机运行时发热量非常大并造成大量的热浪费。
电容分相电机（PSC电机）
PSC电机需要外接一个电容器。在满负载的情况下PSC电机的效率可达50-60％，但大多数情况下电机并不是满负荷运行，以致在应用中效率降低至15-40％。
ECM电机的优点是什么？
ECM电机是一种高效（65％到80％）电机，并且运行在不同速度时仍能维持高效率。这就意味着在大多数情况下，和应用在通风和制冷工业中的传统电机相比，只消耗了不到它们三分之一或不到其二分之一的电量。
ECM电机的高效还意味着电机运行的“凉爽”，明显的大量降低了热浪费。电机的高效相应的也减少了压缩机的运行时间，实现了进一步的节能。
ECM电机的应用范围也远超过传统的罩极电机，意味着一个ECM电机可以取代几个不同型号的罩极电机。在这种情况下，一个客户所需要的电机型号的数量就显著的减少了，同时也减少和简化了库存。
从速度控制和功能来说，由于电机的运行由软件来控制，所以ECM电机可以允许客户优化和集成电机、风扇和控制器的综合应用，并可以包含各种功能如数据通讯、固定风量控制、不同转速等等。
和传统低效电机相比，ECM电机运行更安静，设计寿命更长以及需要更少维护。
惠灵顿驱动的电机可以直接连接交流电源操作，也可以使用直流电源。
费用如何？
和传统的通风、制冷设备和电器领域使用的低效电机相比，ECM电机比较昂贵.但由于近年来的多个因素，包括上涨的能源价格，以及由于规模提高而成本降低的ECM技术，价格合理的ECM电机已经成为罩极电机和PSC电机的替代品。
使用ECM电机所带来的巨大的能源节省，意味着同等运行成本的节省，以至于回报期几乎只有短短几个月，一个典型应用中电机运行周期内的节省可相当于几百美元。
假如使用惠灵顿驱动的产品，更少的原材料、较少的部件和只提供必须功能的电子控制器等特点使其产品的价格在通风、制冷和电器领域中相当具有竞争力。
ECM电机有哪些应用？
ECM电机普遍的使用在计算机硬盘驱动器和机床等高性能移动控制产品中。
在通风和制冷工业，ECM被使用在工业冷柜和冰箱，冷饮机、自动售货机、空调和其他一些需要节能、速度控制、低噪音和低振动的空气流通和制冷领域。
ECM如何节能？
ECM电机都是高效电机 （效率65％－80％），即使运行在不同速度时仍能维持高效。这就意味着在绝大多数情况下，在通风和制冷工业领域，ECM电机只消耗不到三分之一罩极电机或者不到二分之一PSC电机的电量。
ECM电机的高效还意味着电机运行的“凉爽”，明显的大量降低了热浪费。电机的高效相应的也减少的压缩机的运行，实现了进一步的节能。
惠灵顿驱动的电机如何做到可持续性？
惠灵顿电机提供的巨大能源节省直接转化成了二氧化碳排放的大量减少。这样的话，转向使用ECM电机可以允许我们的客户显著的降低二氧化碳排放所造成的空气污染。
另外，和传统的低效能电机相比，惠灵顿节能电机使用更少的原材料， 尤其是惠灵顿电机使用少于30％的铜和少于80％的钢铁，显著降低了电机元器件对环境的破坏。
Perguntas freqüentes
O que são Motores eletronicamente comutados (ECM)?
Motores Eletronicamente comutados (EMC - Electronically commutated motors) são motores DC sem escovas (brushless), onde a direção da corrente elétrica é alterada por controladores eletrônicos. Como a mudança da corrente é tecnicamente conhecida como "comutação", os motores brushless são também chamados de "comutados eletronicamente".
Os motores ECM têm as vantagens dos motores de corrente contínua (DC) com escovas quanto à capacidade de ter controle de velocidade variável, mas sem os inconvenientes das escovas. Sem escovas para desgastar os motores ECM têm vida útil igual ou superior aos motores de corrente alternada (AC).
Os motores Wellington ECM podem ser operados diretamente da fonte de alimentação AC, ou DC.
Que outros tipos de motores elétricos são utilizados em sistemas de ventilação, refrigeração e eletrodomésticos?
Wellington atua no mercado dos motores fracionários e subfracionários para ventilação, refrigeração e eletrodomésticos. Além de motores ECM, os tipos mais comuns de motores são motores de indução AC.
Motores de indução AC
Estes motores são constituídos por uma parte rotativa (rotor) e uma parte fixa (estator). Alguns projetos de motor têm ímãs permanentes no rotor ou estator e, portanto, os bobinados geram o campo magnético induzido no estator ou rotor respectivamente. Os desenhos de Motor também variam na medida em que o estator fixo pode ser interior ou na parte exterior. Uma concepção tradicional motor geralmente possui um estator fixo externo com ímãs permanentes e um rotor com bobinas de cobre girando internamente. O efeito eletromagnético do rotor e dos circuitos elétricos do estator é o que faz o rotor girar.
Os Motores de corrente alternada (AC) comumente usados para acionar ventiladores em aplicações de ventilação e refrigeração incluem motores de pólo sombreado e motores de capacitor permanente de partida (PSC).
Motores de pólos sombreados
Os motores de pólos sombreados são vendidos em grandes quantidades na indústria de refrigeração e ventilação e são a opção mais barata para girar um ventilador. Eles são ineficientes (normalmente 18% de eficiência) e, uma vez que um motor novo é necessário para pequenas diferenças de potência, os clientes muitas vezes necessitam empregar um grande número de modelos para que as suas aplicações funcionem.
Devido ao seu baixo nível de eficiência, motores de pólo sombreado trabalham quentes e geram grande quantidade de calor residual.
Motores de partida a capacitor (PSC)
Motores PSC requerem um capacitor externo conectado ao circuito do motor. Os motores PSC têm uma eficiência à plena carga entre 50-60%, mas na maioria dos casos operam abaixo da plena carga, o que reduz a eficiência do motor instalado na aplicação a apenas 15-40%.
Quais são as vantagens dos motores ECM?
Os motores elétricos ECM são muito eficientes (65% a 80%) e mantêm esta alta eficiência em uma ampla faixa de velocidades. Isto significa que na maioria dos casos eles usam de menos de um terço até metade da energia usada por motores de indução tradicionais aplicados na indústria de refrigeração e ventilação, o que se traduz em custos de operação mais baixos e tempo de reembolso curto.
A alta eficiência dos motores ECM também significa que o motor funciona mais frio reduzindo drasticamente o calor residual produzido. A alta eficiência a nível de motor também se traduz em operação reduzida ao nível do compressor, o que permite maior economia de energia.
Os motores ECM motores também têm uma faixa mais ampla de operação que os tradicionais motores de indução, o que significa que um motor ECM pode substituir mais de um modelo de motor de indução. Desta forma, o número de modelos exigidos por um cliente típico é significativamente reduzido simplificando o inventário. Esta é a principal razão pela qual as linhas de produtos ECM geralmente incluem menos modelos de motores que suas equivalentes de indução.
Em termos de controle de velocidade e outras características, como o funcionamento do motor é controlado por software, os motores ECM permitem aos clientes a otimizar e integrar o motor, ventilador e controlador na aplicação, e incluir recursos como a comunicação de dados, controle de volume constante, velocidade variável, etc.
Os motores ECM também são mais silenciosos que os motores tradicionais ineficientes, têm um ciclo de vida mais longo e exigem menos manutenção.
Os motores Wellington ECM podem ser operados diretamente da fonte de alimentação AC, ou DC
E quanto a custo?
Os motores ECM são mais caros que os tradicionais motores ineficientes utilizados nas indústrias de ventilação, refrigeração e eletrodomésticos, mas, nos últimos anos, devido a uma série de fatores, incluindo aumento dos preços da energia, e a redução do custo da tecnologia ECM devido a um maior volume, eles se tornaram uma alternativa rentável para os motores de pólo sombreado e PSC.
As grandes reduções de consumo de energia dos motores ECM, significam também grande economia de custos operacionais, que por sua vez se traduzem em períodos de recuperação do investimento de apenas alguns meses, e economia de centenas de dólares na vida do motor, em uma aplicação típica.
No nosso caso, junto com as altas economias de energia, baixa utilização de matérias-primas, pouca quantidade de partes e eletrônica simples, com somente funções necessárias, tem nos permitido alcançar preços de motores muito competitivos nos mercados de ventilação, refrigeração e eletrodomésticos.
Quais são algumas das aplicações de motores de ECM?
Os motores ECM são comumente usados em unidades de disco do computador e em produtos de controle de movimentos de alto desempenho, tais como máquinas-ferramentas.
Nas indústrias de ventilação e refrigeração, os motores de ECM são encontrados em refrigeradores e congeladores comerciais, expositores de bebidas, máquinas de venda automática, condicionadores de ar e muitas outras aplicações de deslocamento de ar e refrigeração, onde economia de energia, controle de velocidade, baixo nível de ruído e vibração são importantes.
Como são os motores ECM de baixo consumo?
Os motores elétricos ECM são muito eficientes (65% a 80%) e mantêm esta alta eficiência em uma ampla faixa de velocidades. Isto significa que na maioria dos casos eles usam menos de um terço até metade da energia usada por motores de indução pólo sombreados ou PSC, aplicados na indústria de ventilação e refrigeração, o que se traduz em custos de operação mais baixos e tempo de amortização curto.
A alta eficiência dos motores ECM também significa que o motor funciona mais frio reduzindo drasticamente o calor residual produzido. A alta eficiência em nível de motor também se traduz em operação reduzida ao nível do compressor, o que permite maior economia de energia.
Por que são sustentáveis os motores Wellington?
A grande economia de energia oferecida pelos motores ECM Wellington se traduzem diretamente na redução de emissões de carbono. Desta forma, a mudança para os motores ECM permite aos nossos clientes reduzir drasticamente a poluição do ar (CO2) gerado por suas aplicações.
Além disso, os motores Wellington de baixo consumo de energia são projetados usando menos matéria-prima que os ineficientes motores tradicionais e inclusive menos que outros comutados eletronicamente. Em particular, os motores Wellington usam 30% menos cobre e 80% menos aço que os motores de indução tradicionais, uma redução drástica do impacto ambiental dos componentes do motor.
Preguntas Frecuentes
¿Qué son motores electrónicamente conmutados?
Los motores electrónicamente conmutados (ECM) son motores DC sin escobillas donde la dirección de la corriente eléctrica es cambiada con el uso de controladores electrónicos. Puesto que el cambio de la corriente se llama técnicamente ‘conmutando’, a los motores sin escobillas también se llaman motores “electrónicamente conmutados”. Los motores ECM tienen las ventajas de los motores DC con escobillas en cuanto a la habilidad tener control de velocidad variable, pero sin las desventajas de las escobillas. Sin el desgasto de las escobillas, la vida útil de los motores se extiende y sobrepasa a de los motores de corriente alterna (AC).
Los motores ECM de Wellington pueden ser operados directamente de la acometida de suministro AC, o de DC.
¿Qué otros tipos de motores eléctricos son usados en las industrias de ventilación, refrigeración y electrodomésticos?
Wellington opera en el mercado de los motores fraccionales y subfraccionales de las industrias de ventilación, refrigeración y electrodomésticos. Aparte de los motores ECM, los tipos más comunes son los motores de inducción AC.
Los motores de inducción AC
Estos motores están compuestos de una parte que gira (el “rotor”) y otra parte fija (el “estator”). Algunos diseños de motores tendrán los imanes en el rotor o el estator como consecuencia los embobinados generan el campo magnético inducido, respectivamente, en el estator o el rotor. Los diseños de motor también varían en que el estator fijo puede estar la parte interior o exterior. Un diseño de motor tradicional usualmente tiene un estator fuera y fijo con imanes permanentes y un rotor interno girando con bobinados de cobre. El efecto electromagnético combinado de los circuitos eléctricos es lo que hace girar el rotor.
Los motores de polo sombreado y de arranque a condensador son típicamente los motores de AC comúnmente utilizados para girar ventiladores en las aplicaciones de ventilación y refrigeración.
Los motores de Polo Sombreado
Los motores de polo sombreado son vendidos en enormes cantidades para las industrias de ventilación y refrigeración y son la opción de motor más barata para girar un ventilador. Son ineficientes (típicamente 18% eficiencia) y, puesto que un nuevo motor es necesario para diferencias pequeñas en alimentación de salida, los clientes a menudo necesitan emplear un número grande de modelos para que sus aplicaciones funcionen. Debido a los niveles bajos de eficiencia, los motores de polo sombreado generan mucho calor produciendo consecuentemente mucho calor residual.
Los Motores de Arranque a Condensador
Los motores de arranque a condensador requieren un condensador externo conectado al circuito del motor. La eficiencia de estos motores a capacidad máxima está entre 50-60%, pero en la mayoría de los casos operan a menos de la capacidad máxima, lo cual reduce la eficiencia del motor instalado en una aplicación a sólo 15-40%.
¿Cuáles son las ventajas de los motores ECM?
Los motores ECM tienen una eficiencia muy alta (65% a 80%) y mantienen un nivel de alta eficiencia en un rango amplio de velocidades. Esto significa que en la mayoría de los casos usan entre menos de un tercio hasta una mitad de la electricidad usada por motores tradicionales de inducción utilizados en industrias de ventilación y refrigeración. Esto a su vez se traduce en costos más bajos de operación y periodos cortos de amortización.
Alta eficiencia en los motores ECM también significa que los motores generan menos calor, lo cual dramáticamente reduce la cantidad de calor residual producida. Alta eficiencia a nivel del motor también se traduce en operación reducida al nivel del compresor, lo cual permite más ahorros energéticos.
Los motores ECM típicamente tienen un rango de operación más amplio que los motores tradicionales de inducción, lo cual significa que un mismo motor ECM puede reemplazar varios modelos existentes de motores de inducción. En esta manera, el número de modelos requerido por un cliente disminuye considerablemente, simplificando el inventario. Esta es la razón principal por qué las líneas del producto ECM usualmente incluyen menos modelos de motores que sus equivalentes de inducción.
En cuanto al control de velocidad y otras ventajas; debido a que es el software quien controla la operación del motor, los motores ECM permiten a los clientes optimizar e integrar el motor, ventilador y controlador en la aplicación, incluyendo otro ventajas como comunicaciones de data, control de volumen constante, velocidad variable, etc.
Los motores ECM también son más silenciosos que los motores ineficientes tradicionales, tiene un diseño de vida más larga y requiere menos mantenimiento.
Los motores ECM de Wellington pueden ser operados directamente de la acometida de AC, o de DC.
¿Y el costo?
Los motores ECM son más costosos que los motores ineficientes tradicionales utilizados en las industrias de ventilación, refrigeración y electrodomésticos. Sin embargo, en los últimos años debido a varios factores como precios en alza de energía y la reducción de costo de la tecnología ECM gracias al aumento del volumen de producción, han llegado a ser una alternativa favorable reemplazando a los motores de polo sombreado y de arranque a condensador.
Los enormes ahorros energéticos de los motores ECM, se traducen en periodos de amortización tan corto como unos pocos meses, y ahorros en la vida del motor de cientos de dólares en aplicaciones típicas.
En nuestro caso junto con los altos ahorros energéticos esta el bajo uso de materias primas, baja cantidad de partes y electrónica simplificada con sólo las funciones necesarias nos han permitido ofrecer un precio muy competitivo en los mercados de ventilación, refrigeración y electrodomésticos.
¿Cuáles son las aplicaciones de los motores ECM?
Los motores ECM son usados comúnmente en las unidades de disco de las computadoras y en productos con control de movimiento de alto rendimiento, como las máquinas-herramientas para trabajar metal.
En las industrias de ventilación y refrigeración, los motores ECM se encuentran en los refrigeradores y congeladores comerciales, vendedores de bebida embotellada, máquinas “vending”, acondicionadores de aire y muchas otras aplicaciones de refrigeración y el flujo de aire donde ahorros energéticos, control de velocidad, ruido y vibraciones bajas son importantes.
¿Por que son los motores ECM de “bajo consumo”?
Los motores ECM son motores eléctricos de alta eficiencia (65% a 80%) que mantienen un nivel de alta eficiencia a varias velocidades. Esto significa que en la mayoría de casos usan desde menos de un tercio hasta la mitad de la electricidad utilizada por motores tradicional de inducción empleados en las industrias de ventilación y refrigeración. Esto a su vez se traduce en costos bajos de operación y periodos cortos de amortización.
La alta eficiencia de los motores ECM también significa que los motores generan menos calor, y dramáticamente reduce la cantidad de calor residual producido. Esto se traduce en operación reducida al nivel del compresor, lo cual permite aun más ahorros energéticos.
¿Por qué son los motores Wellington “sustentables”?
Los enormes ahorros energéticos derivados del uso de los motores ECM de Wellington se traducen directamente en grandes ahorros en las emisiones de carbono. De esta manera, cambiando a los motores ECM permite a nuestros clientes reducir dramáticamente la polución del aire (CO2) generado por sus aplicaciones.
Además, los motores Wellington de bajo consumo han sido diseñados utilizando menos materias primas que los motores tradicionales ineficientes e incluso que otros motores electrónicamente conmutados. Wellington en particular utiliza 30% menos de cobre y 80% menos de acero que los motores tradicionales de inducción, una reducción dramática en el impacto medioambiental causado por los componentes del motor.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are electronically commutated (ECM) motors?
Electronically commutated (ECM) motors are brushless DC motors where the direction of the electric current is switched using electronic controllers. As the switching of the current is technically known as “commutating”, brushless motors are also called “electronically commutated” motors. ECM motors provide the advantages of brushed DC motors in terms of the ability to have variable speed control, but without the drawbacks of brushes. Without brushes to wear out, ECM motors have design lives equal or longer than AC motors.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What other types of electric motors are used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries?
Wellington operates in the fractional and subfractional motor market for ventilation, refrigeration and appliances. Aside from ECM motors, common types of motors are AC induction motors.
AC induction motors
These motors consist of a spinning part (the “rotor”) and a part that remains fixed (the “stator”). Different motor designs will have the permanent magnets in the rotor or the stator and hence windings to generate the induced magnetic field in the stator or the rotor respectively. Motor designs also vary in that the fixed stator can be either the interior or the exterior part. A traditional motor design usually has a fixed outside stator with permanent magnets and an internal spinning rotor with copper windings. The combined electromagnetic effect of the rotor and stator’s electrical circuits is what makes the rotor spin.
Common AC motors used to drive fans in ventilation and refrigeration applications include shaded pole motors and permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors.
Shaded pole motors
Shaded pole motors are sold in huge quantities in the ventilation and refrigeration industries and are the cheapest motor option to drive a fan. They are inefficient (typically 18% efficient) and, since a new motor is required for small differences in power output, customers often need to employ a large number of models to drive their applications. Because of their low efficiency levels, shaded pole motors run hot and produce large amounts of waste heat.
Permanent split capacitor (PSC) motors
PSC motors require an external capacitor to be connected to the motor circuit. PSC motors have efficiency range at full load of 50-60%, but in most cases operate at less than full load, which reduces the efficiency of the motor installed in an application to only 15-40%.
What are the advantages of ECM motors?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by traditional induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and dramatically reduce the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
ECM motors also have a wider operating range than traditional induction motors, which means that one ECM motor can replace a number of induction motor models. In this way, the number of models required by a typical customer is significantly decreased, which decreases and simplifies inventory. This is the main reason why ECM product lines usually include less motor models than their induction counterparts.
In terms of speed control and features, because the motor’s operation is controlled by software, ECM motors allow customers to optimize and integrate the motor, fan and controller with the application, and to include features like data communications, constant volume control, variable speed, etc.
ECM motors are also quieter than traditional inefficient motors, have longer design life and require less maintenance.
Wellington ECM motors can be operated directly from AC mains supply, or from DC.
What about cost?
ECM motors are more expensive than traditional inefficient motors used in the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance industries but, in recent years, due to a number of factors including soaring energy prices, and reduced cost of ECM technology due to increased volumes, they have become a cost-effective alternative to shaded pole and PSC motors.
The huge energy savings provided by ECM motors, mean equally large $ savings in operating costs, which in turn translate in payback periods as short as a few months, and motor life savings of hundreds of dollars in a typical application.
In our case, together with high energy savings, low use of raw material, low part count and simple electronics with only the necessary features, have allowed us to make our motor price very competitive on the ventilation, refrigeration and appliance markets.
What are some applications of ECM motors?
ECM motors are commonly used in computer disk drives and in high performance motion control products, such as machine tools.
In the ventilation and refrigeration industries, ECM motors are found in commercial refrigerators and freezers, beverage merchandisers, vending machines, air conditioners, and many other air moving and refrigeration applications where energy saving, speed control, or low noise and vibrations are important.
How are ECM motors “energy saving”?
ECM motors are very high efficiency (65% to 80%) electric motors and maintain a high efficiency level at part speed. This means that in most cases they use from less than one third to one half of the electricity used by shaded pole or PSC induction motors used in the ventilation and refrigeration industries, which in turn translates into lower operating costs and short payback periods.
ECM motors’ high efficiency also means that the motors run “cool”, and reduce dramatically the amount of waste heat produced. High efficiency at the motor level also typically translates in reduced operation at the compressor level, which allows further energy savings.
How are Wellington motors “sustainable”?
The huge energy savings provided by Wellington’s ECM motors directly translate into large carbon emissions savings. In this way, switching to ECM motors allows our customers to dramatically reduce the air pollution (CO2) generated by their applications.
Also, Wellington energy saving motors are designed using less raw materials than traditional inefficient motors and other electronically commutated motors. In particular, Wellington motors use 30% less copper and 80% less steel than traditional induction motors, a dramatic reduction in the motor components’ environmental impact.
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